Polyvinylpyrrolidone

Product Name: Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), Polyvidone, Povidone, PVPP, Crospovidone, Polyvidone, PNVP, Poly[1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)ethylen], 1-Ethenyl-2-pyrrolidon homopolymer, 1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinon-Polymere

Chemical Formula: (C6H9NO)n

Product Description: Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was initially used as a blood plasma substitute and later in a wide variety of applications in medicine, pharmacy, cosmetics and industrial production. Povidone is used as a binder in many pharmaceutical tablets; Polyvidone simply passes through the body when taken orally. Autopsies have found that crospovidone (PVPP) contributes to pulmonary vascular injury in substance abusers who have injected pharmaceutical tablets intended for oral consumption. The long-term effects of crospovidone or povidone within the lung are unknown). PVP was used as a plasma volume expander for trauma victims after the 1950s. It is not preferred as volume expander due to its ability to provoke histamine release and also interfere with blood grouping. PVP added to iodine forms a complex called povidone-iodine that possesses disinfectant properties. This complex is used in various products like solutions, ointment, pessaries, liquid soaps and surgical scrubs. It is known under the trade names Pyodine and Betadine, among a plethora of others. PVP is used in some contact lenses and their packaging solutions. It reduces friction, thus acting as a lubricant, or wetting agent, built into the lens. PVP is used as a lubricant in some eye drops,

Applications and Uses: PVP is soluble in water and other polar solvents. It is soluble in various alcohols, such as methanol and ethanol, as well as in more exotic solvents like the deep eutectic solvent formed by choline chloride and urea (Relin). This makes it good as a coating or an additive to coatings. PVP binds to polar molecules exceptionally well, owing to its polarity. This has led to its application in coatings for photo-quality ink-jet papers and transparencies, as well as in inks for inkjet printers. PVP is also used in personal care products, such as shampoos and toothpastes, in paints, and adhesives that must be moistened, such as old-style postage stamps and envelopes. It has also been used in contact lens solutions and in steel-quenching solutions. PVP is the basis of the early formulas for hair sprays and hair gels, and still continues to be a component of some.

PVP is also used in many technical applications:

• as an adhesive in glue stick and hot-melt adhesives[citation needed]
• as a special additive for batteries, ceramics, fiberglass, inks, and inkjet paper, and in the chemical-mechanical planarization process
• as an emulsifier and disintegrant for solution polymerization
• to increase resolution in photoresists for cathode ray tubes (CRT)
• in aqueous metal quenching
• for production of membranes, such as dialysis and water purification filters
• as a binder and complexation agent in agricultural applications such as crop protection, seed treatment and coating
• as a thickening agent in tooth whitening gels
• as an aid for increasing the solubility of drugs in liquid and semi-liquid dosage forms (syrups, soft gelatine capsules) and as an inhibitor of recrystallisation
• as an additive to Doro's RNA extraction buffer[citation needed]
• as a liquid-phase dispersion enhancing agent in DOSY NMR
• as a surfactant, reducing agent, shape controlling agent and dispersant in nanoparticle synthesis and their self-assembly
• as a stabilizing agent in all inorganic solar cells